03/24/2024
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Until the late 1980s, the throttle body was controlled by a cable, connected directly to the accelerator pedal, which put the driver in direct control of engine speed and power. Cruise control systems, too, were connected via cable to the throttle body, controlling engine speed with an electronic or vacuum motor. In 1988, the first “drive-by-wire” electronic throttle control (ECT) system appeared. The BMW 7 Series was the first to feature an electronic throttle body (ETB).
No Cables Drive the Electronic Throttle Body, but an Electronic Stepper Motor and Gears
The electronic throttle control system includes the accelerator pedal, ETC module, and throttle body. The accelerator pedal looks the same as it always has, but its interaction with the throttle body has changed. The throttle cable has been replaced by the accelerator position sensor (APS), which detects the exact position of the pedal at any given moment, transmitting this signal to the ETC module.
When electronic throttle control first appeared, it was accompanied by its own ETC module. Practically all modern vehicles have integrated electronic throttle control into the engine control modules (ECM), simplifying installation, programming, and diagnosis.
An electronic throttle body looks like a typical throttle body. It is fitted with an electronic servomotor or stepper motor and a throttle position sensor (TPS) instead of cables. Real-time TPS data confirms actual throttle position for the ETC module.