09/20/2017
Tim's Tech Tips
Alternators
Everybody has heard of the alternator. Technically, the alternator is a mechanically operated unit that produces alternating current when rotated. Alternating current is AC electricity. This is the same type of stuff your house uses. The car can’t use AC, it must have DC or Direct Current. Therefore, the alternator output must be rectified into DC electricity. Then the voltage output must be controlled as well. This is performed by a unit called a voltage regulator.
Wow! That is a lot to try and understand. It was easier when the cars had a generator on them. The generator would produce the DC that the car needed. The problem with the generator is that they were very big and very heavy. Also, when the engine was at idle they would not produce enough voltage to run the electrical systems on the car. So the voltage output was very hard to control at varying engine speeds. Thus, the alternator was born due to its smaller and lighter size. The alternator output can also be made to produce more consistent voltages and amperages at the various engine speeds.
With all of the electrical loads being used in today’s vehicles (radio, GPS, lights, cameras, computers, anything plugged into a power port, keeping the battery fully charged to name a few), the alternator has become an extremely high tech unit. And the smaller they get, the more money they cost. So now we have alternators that weigh only a few pounds that are capable of producing in excess of 150 AMPs. This was accomplished previously with the generator that weighed around 50 pounds. So it has become normal nowadays to replace the alternator at a cost of over $700 (parts and labor).
Charging and starting system maintenance is becoming more and more important and your repair facility should be looking at your systems often. They should check your alternator output and ensure that your battery terminals are tight and corrosion free.
Tim Ridley
Coweta Car Care
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