31/01/2024
Thanks to Tim Wetherell for this month's 'In The Sky' update - happy stargazing!
During the course of the evening on February 16, the moon will pass through (or more strictly speaking, in front of) part of the Pleiades star cluster. This will begin soon after sunset and continue throughout the evening. It will be quite interesting to watch, especially if you make repeated observations throughout the evening. You'll see various stars in the cluster disappear behind the moon then reappear at the other side a few hours later.
Mid February will also be an excellent time to observe the moon itself. Variations in its orbit mean it's higher in the sky some months than others. This February it will be very high in the sky so the view through a telescope or binoculars will be much more steady than usual, allowing you to see enormous detail on the surface. Lunar features stand out best when they're near the terminator (the line between the illuminated portion and the dark part). This is the point on the lunar surface where the sun is just rising, so the terrain casts long shadows which really highlight the rocky features.
On February 18, the terminator will reach the crater Copernicus - a very large, deep crater and one of the real shopieces of the lunar surface. Most of the lunar features were created about 4 billion years ago during a period known as the Late Heavy Bombardment. A time when the Solar System was still full of debris from its formation and collisions were very frequent. As the millenia wore on, the planets and our moon swept through their orbital cycles so many times that they effectively "mopped up" most of the space rocks and collisions became much more rare. However, the crater Copernicus, is much younger than this, perhaps less than a billion years old. As a result the rocks in the walls are brighter than the rest of the moon's surface, which has become darkened by "space weathering". These bright rocks really make features on the rugged walls stand out.
Copernicus is also famous as the crater where the mysterious monolith is discovered in Arthur C Clarke's sc-ifi classic 2001. I don't like your chances of seeing any alien monoliths in Copernicus, but if it's clear on the 18th or 19th, do have a look at it through binoculars or a telescope. It's absolutely spectacular!